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Nest sitings

Posted by: charlotte-chang | July 10, 2009 | No Comment |

Amy and I have been conducting various habitat assessments and multiple avian community censuses in the past week. Our habitat assessments entail the following: we go to a 12 x 12 foot plot in a predetermined location in one of the four distinct habitat types and identify all of the plants that we see. It hasn’t been easy! We’ve seen many novel and interesting plants, especially in the Ash and Cottonwood riparian zones where there is more water and therefore a wide range of different types of grasses, forbs (non-graminoid plants), and shrubs.

Our bird census methodology is similar to the nationwide Christmas Bird Count survey–we’re essentially exhaustively identifying all bird species encountered within the perimeter of our MAPS station. We’ve been walking along the net path to ensure coverage of the general area, and we’ve had some very unexpected and exciting sitings.

On July 7, 2009 (Tuesday), we saw a group of sharp-tailed grouse fledglings–7 in total–following their mother. We also saw two American kestrels, a Baltimore oriole, Common Nighthawks, Killdeer, and an unidentifiable large white bird that may be a short-eared owl. We also saw a Golden eagle that was near our site last week on our way out of the Cornwell Ranch property. Today (July 10, Friday), we saw Field sparrows, a spotted towhee, American goldfinches, Brown thrashers, and a large group of Brown-headed cowbirds (8 in all) huddled in a buffalo berry shrub against the drizzle (it started raining at 8:05 and ended at 8:25).

Perhaps our most exciting find though is the three nests that have been sighted. Three weeks ago, I found a Western meadowlark nest near our net 3 when I was following two killdeer making calls. There were originally 4 eggs, and now, there are 4 hatchlings–it’ll be great to be able to track the success of these little guys through the season. There are also two House wren nests (and I bet many more waiting to be found) at our site, both near net 2. One of them has 5 fledglings, fully feathered, and still getting fed by their mother. Life’s sweet for these little birds!

Tomorrow we’ll be going bird banding and it’ll be really interesting to see if we catch any of these House wren juveniles.


Filed under: Prairie
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The Birds, and My Break from the Island

Posted by: eleanor-caves | July 9, 2009 | 1 Comment |

So last night, to celebrate not having night work for the first time in four nights, we decided to watch Alfred Hitchcock’s “The Birds.”

Me Being Attacked by a Gull

Me Being Attacked by a Gull

All I have to say is, it was really not scary.  In fact, I have personally been through most of the things that happen in that movie (albeit, I haven’t had my eyes pecked out by a gull), but lines such as “a gull would NEVER attack a person on purpose, with malice!” were just laughable.  In fact, here’s a pretty cool picture of me only seconds away from being pecked in the head really hard.

Not that “The Birds” isn’t a classic, it certainly is.  But the fear factor kind of diminishes when all the scary things in that movie happen to you on a daily basis 🙂

Well, the reason I’ve experienced most of those attacks in the last few days is that we’ve been doing “saturation banding” of chicks in the gull study plots on the island.  Normally, within the study plots, we only concern ourselves with chicks of known-age parents, that is, chicks of gulls who have been banded in the past.  However, during saturation banding, it’s different.

Newly-Banded Gull Chick!

Newly-Banded Gull Chick!

During saturation banding, our objectives are twofold.  One, use up the extra bands that were ordered this year and weren’t used to band chicks of known-age parents.  Two, create more known-age birds; after all, we know how old all the chicks this year are!  To saturate, we visit the study plots on the island and band every chick we can find–since gulls often return to sites very near where they were born in order to breed, it’s likely that saturation banding will result in higher numbers of known age birds within the plots in the future.  Excellent!

Banding gull chicks is not as innocuous as it sounds.  Most of the chicks are pretty big, and can run a great distance, so you can’t just sneak up on them.  In addition, it’s good to not let them run too far, because they might run into the territory of another gull, and if that happens, they most likely will get pecked to death.  To avoid this as much as possible, we employ the following technique: when a chick is spotted, use a couple of people to corner it, and, when close enough, throw a wadded up towel at it.  Ideally, the towel will cover the chick, but most often, it just knocks them over.  While they’re down, you have to leap at the chick and pin it down, getting its head under the towel as quickly as possible.  This calms the chick down, and also ensures the maximum number of bruises on us humans, but it’s actually pretty fun.  Then, you band the bird!  Gulls are each banded with a metal band, which has a unique number on it, so we can identify the individual bird.  In addition, they receive a color band, which identifies their cohort, or year they were born.  This year’s combination is one metal band on the left and one green color band on the right (as you can see in the picture).  I’m not sure how many gull chicks we banded in total, but it ended up being about six hours of work total.

Other than the saturation banding, the last couple of days have been pretty relaxed.  I’ve been filling time by repainting a bunch of site numbers for pigeon guillemots up on Lighthouse Hill (which took up two whole mornings) and by helping Meghan to mend mistnets (I’m finally getting the hang of this delicate work).  In fact, the last couple of days have been so relaxed that I got to take my first and only break from the island!  Just kidding, but kind of.  Let me explain.

Me in the Box!  Au Revoir!

Me in the Box! Au Revoir!

Today was the day for some maintenance on the crane, so we greased up all the cables and gears and such.  After greasing the crane, you have to “exercise” it, or run it in and out a few times to spread the grease around and rub out any chunks or things that might interfere with the crane operation.

To exercise the crane, we hook a box to it, put a person in the box, and lift them on and off the island.  I don’t get a break from the island like the other interns, so I got some time in the box.

Here you can see me, sitting in the box, just lifted up off the ground and ready for my vacation.

Me in the Box Again!  But father away.

Me in the Box Again! But father away.

Here’s me way out in the box, hanging above the water.  Hannah, who was operating the crane, did eventually end up putting me all the way down in the water (but the box is very seaworthy, I didn’t get wet), and then lifting me back up.  Overall, it was a very relaxing experience, and the farthest I’ve been off the island since I got here.  It might look scary and cramped, but really the motion was like being in a hammock, and the scenery was excellent.  What a beautiful day today was!

Over the last few days, the wind has picked up a bit, but it cleared away all the clouds and fog, and we have excellent visibility and beautiful blue skies.

Red Phoca (Harbor Seal)

Red Phoca (Harbor Seal)

On a final note, just purely for interest, here’s a picture of a red pelage phoca, or Harbor Seal.  The Harbor Seals are just one species of pinniped (seals and sea lions, etc.) found on the island, and they are usually a light gray color, almost white.  However, those phoca that grow up in the San Francisco Bay turn this funky red color, from the diatoms that thrive in the water there.  Over the last few days, I’ve been noticing this guy hanging around the East side of the island.  One of his eyes is missing, and he’s in the process of molting, but you can still see his odd red color pretty clearly on his head.

Well, that’s all for now!

Best,

Eleanor


Filed under: Farallon Island

An Upswing (aka Some Good News)

Posted by: eleanor-caves | July 6, 2009 | 1 Comment |

So, I felt pretty bad about the depressing, negative vibe from the last entry, but, then again, we’re all feeling pretty depressed here about the dismal murre breeding season.  However, the last few days HAVE seen some good things, so it’s time to write about them!

First of all, no, we didn’t get any time off for the 4th of July.  Also, no fireworks or sparklers can be set off here, it’s a wildlife refuge, and I can’t even imagine the chaos explosions would cause among the birds here.  (Unfortunately, one “party boat” that came out here on the 4th did throw a few firecrackers in the water…we reported them to the Coast Guard.)

4th of July Cake!

4th of July Cake!

For us, the 4th was a boat day!  Pete came back to the island, bringing with him Meghan (an intern a few years back, who is just filling in for two weeks), and Annie and Russ left for their two-week break.  Boat days are always good days, because we get so much fresh food!  Because the 4th was a boat day, Jordan and I were able to make a 4th of July cake using fresh berries (berries last a REALLY short amount of time out here…they usually start to mold within a couple of days).  Don’t be fooled by the cake’s appearance–it was a chocolate cake, with chocolate frosting, too.  Very decadent.  We didn’t, however, have much a 4th of July celebration, because that night saw us starting our next round of Rhino netting, which will go for four nights, and then stop again for sixth (tonight is going to be the third night).  I didn’t make a very big cake, however, because Caitie and I got so many care packages full of delicious items, that we’re going to be stuffing ourselves for a long time.  I got a fantastic care package from Rachel Grey’s family, which everyone has already started to devour.

Cookies From Mom

Cookies From Mom

I also got this fantastic-looking assortment of cookies, sent to me by my mom, and created at a bakery in Albuquerque.  They are tonight’s featured dessert, so I will let you know how they are, but everyone is pretty excited to get to eat them finally.

The morning after the 4th, Sunday, ended up being a really relaxed day for everyone, so we watched the entire Wimbledon Men’s Championship, which went for four hours.  It felt incredibly indulgent watching TV on a Sunday morning AND having brunch (whole grain pancakes with cinnamon/maple syrup/apple topping. YUM), but everyone still got their work done, so no harm done.

So, that concludes the good news about food.  Now for the good news about birds!  During our last couple of five-day Cassin’s Auklet checks, we’ve discovered the first double broods of the season.

Adult Cassin's Auklet

Adult Cassin's Auklet

Double broods are when a pair of Cassin’s lays an egg and successfully rears and fledges a chick, and then lays a SECOND egg, all in one season.  Considering how the other species on the island are doing, discovering double broods this year was kind of incredible.  We’ve also found a couple of re-lays, where a pair whose previous chick failed is trying again.  It remains to be seen how successful these second attempts are, but it’s heartening to see it regardless.

This picture is of an adult Cassin’s.  Notice the eye, which in an adult is a white or very pale blue color (getting whiter with age).  Fledgling and chick cassin’s auklets have dark brown eyes, and they’re very cute.

Rhino Chick

Rhino Chick

The Rhinocerous Auklet chicks, though small in number, also seem to be doing well, gaining healthy amounts of weight, and, as you can see, growing profuse amounts of down.  The rhino chicks appear bigger than all of the other chicks, because of the incredibly thick layer of down they grow, but really don’t weigh much more than the other chicks at this point in time.  They are incredibly soft, though, and one has to wonder why they find it necessary to grow so many downy feathers.  A correction from a previous entry though, Rhinos are NOT tubenoses–the horn they grow is specially for the breeding season (whoops!).

Western Gull Chick

Western Gull Chick

Finally, those Western gull chicks that are left are starting to grow a new layer of feathers, which appears as sort of a mottled brown layer.  Juvenile Western Gulls do have this darker brown coloration, so these chicks are on their way!  In addition, we are starting to see more and more WEGU chicks attempting to fly–they can’t yet, of course, but the hopping maneuver they do is pretty cute, and some of them can even get a few inches in the air. I have now banded six chicks in my gull plot, and hopefully they will all survive!

Well, more rhino netting tonight.  Night work leaves me pretty tired, so I’m going to go nap.  More later!

Best,

Eleanor


Filed under: Farallon Island

High Altitude Adventure!

Posted by: nina-karnovsky | July 6, 2009 | 2 Comments |

This past weekend I went up to the Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory to help Dr. Rachel Levin with her study of house wrens.

Dr. Levin in front of a wikiup.

Dr. Levin in front of a wikiup.

She has 77 nest boxes that needed to be checked to see what stage in the breeding cycle the birds were in.

Nest box for house wrens

Nest box for house wrens

Much to her surprise, the birds are breeding for the second time this summer. Many boxes had well developed nests (sticks and soft feathers) eggs or chicks!

5 house wren eggs in a soft bed of feathers
5 house wren eggs in a soft bed of feathers
A 2 day old house wren chick with a feather mohawk!

A 2 day old house wren chick with a feather mohawk!

The parent wrens are very protoective of their chicks. In a test of which parent is more invested in the chicks, Dr. Levin puts a rubber snake on the nest box and sees which parents takes more action. Males and females can be disguished because she has placed color bands on their legs; each birds gets a unique set of colors. I was amazed how the birds were scolding the snake and pecking at it!

Nest box with rubber snake and wren scolding from branch on the lower left side.

Nest box with rubber snake and wren scolding from branch on the lower left side.

The field station is located in Mammoth, CA. It is one of the most spectacular places I have visited. There was still snow on the mountain tops!

View from the SNARL field station dormitory

View from the SNARL field station dormitory


Filed under: News

update from glasgow

Posted by: amy-briggs | July 6, 2009 | 1 Comment |

Hi all, Amy here. Charlotte and I have been working hard doing our very exciting vegetation surveys out at our study site at canyon creek on the cornwall ranch (valley county, MT). If you read that and thought “vegetation? Boring.” You were wrong! We have seen lots of very cool plants thus far, and lots of birds along the way.

amy in the "cottonwood forest" part of the site.

amy in the "cottonwood forest" part of the site.

charlotte checking out some veg.

charlotte checking out some veg.

Milk thistle with a butterfly.

Milk thistle with a butterfly.

Goat's beard.

Goat's beard.

A snowberry blossom.

A snowberry blossom.

Even when we aren’t banding, we see lots of birds at our site and on the ranch we drive through to get to it. These are some of them:

American goldfinch on the tree outside our trailer.

American goldfinch on the tree outside our trailer.

We saw an eastern kingbird this morning.

We saw an eastern kingbird this morning.

This is a swainsons hawk. It had two smaller birds following it, and we think maybe they were juveniles.

This is a swainsons hawk. It had two smaller birds following it, and we think maybe they were juveniles.

Mystery bird on a telephone pole in our trailer park. It had a white streak on its back when it flew. If you have any idea what it is, let us know!

Mystery bird on a telephone pole in our trailer park. It had a white streak on its back when it flew. If you have any idea what it is, let us know!

Sometimes we find nests at our site.

This is the nest of a western meadowlark with four eggs in it. They were still warm when we got there.

This is the nest of a western meadowlark with four eggs in it. They were still warm when we got there.

Charlotte and the meadowlark nest.

Charlotte and the meadowlark nest.

And sometimes we see things that are neither bird nor plant.

This is a dead porcupine in a tree.

This is a dead porcupine in a tree.

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When we are done for the day, we leave!

charlotte drives.

charlotte drives.

 


Filed under: News, Prairie

A Little More Routine

Posted by: eleanor-caves | July 3, 2009 | No Comment |

Well, for the most part, the last couple of days have continued to be routine.  Media visits are over, the weather is being very cooperative, and the boat that was scheduled for tomorrow is actually coming tomorrow, bringing Pete back to the island, along with a whole lot of new food that we ordered yesterday.

Adult and Chick

Common Murre: Adult and Chick

In addition to routine, though, the past couple of days have been extremely depressing, because it’s in the last couple of days that we are starting to realize that the Common Murres are having one of their worst reproductive years EVER.  Way back toward the beginning of my stay here, I put up a picture of a baby murre chick.  This picture at left is what some of the chicks look like now, sleek and a little bigger, getting ready to fledge.  The problem is, hardly any of them have made it to this stage.  In my plot, of over 200 breeding pair sites, only 3 chicks remain.  In the plot we monitor for diet watch, more than half the birds are gone, and the chicks are dwindling, as evidenced by the slower and slower rate of feeds (Russ and I spent two hours in the blind today, and saw five feeds–that’s REALLY slow).

Today, it appeared as though one chick was going to fledge; you can tell because the chick and the father go together to the water’s edge to jump in together.  Overall, though, it looks like only a handful will even survive to enter the water.

Adult Gull, Gull Chick, and Site Marker

Adult Gull, Gull Chick, and Site Marker

Western Gulls aren’t doing phenomenally well this year either.  I haven’t talked much about the gull study I’m doing, so I’ll write about it quickly here.  There are four monitored gull plots on the island–one of them, k plot, is mine.  There may be hundreds of nesting gulls in one plot, but we only monitor the ones that are banded, because the banded birds are of a known age.  At the beginning of seabird season, those banded birds that have returned to nest in a plot are each given markers, like the sign in this picture.  This marker, which reads “94/13” indicates that this gull was born in 1994, and is the 13th gull from 1994 to return to breed in that plot.  That way, we can monitor not only age of the breeding gulls, but also site fidelity (do they return to the same place to breed?) and breeding success.  In a good year, a gull will successfully fledge one out of three chicks.  K-plot, my plot, usually has low productivity, but this year it’s really low.  I have only a handful of gull chicks left to band, and we’ll just have to wait and see how many of the banded ones survive to the end of the season.

Elephant Seal Males

Elephant Seal Males

On a brighter note, elephant seals are beginning to return to the island in greater numbers.  During my last elephant seal resight, yesterday, I had eight animals in just one site (I monitor three sites) that had tags or stamps.

Although the immature individuals and the females have been hanging around the island for a while now, it’s the large males that have started to show up in the past few days, and they make their presence known, mostly by being extremely noisy.  The sound they make is somewhere between a growl and a belch, but it’s not a ridiculous amont of volume.

Right now, while the animals are molting, a large number of males can gather together in a small space without much problem.  During breeding season, though, you would never see something like this–alpha bull males take over an entire area, and it’s rare that any other male is even allowed to hang around the vicinity.

California Sea Lion (Zalophus)

California Sea Lion (Zalophus)

Zalophus (California Sea Lions) are also starting to appear in greater numbers on the island.  Much of this has to do with the fact that their pups, which have been appearing over the last month, are getting big enough to swim around now, and haul out onto beaches by themselves.  Zalophus are graceful animals (at least, the females and immatures are; adult males are cumbersome looking creatures), and they have a LOT of mobility.  It’s amazing how high they can climb–you sometimes see them up on cliffsides, in amongst the birds, a couple hundred feet from the water.  In constrast to elephant seals, their tails somewhat resemble back legs in function, and their flippers are long enough to use like arms.

West Coast Lady

West Coast Lady

Finally, I saw a butterfly yesterday, my first in four weeks on the island.

It’s hard to believe that four weeks have already gone by, half my time on the island has disappeared already.  And, now that a multiple of two weeks has passed, a boat is coming, so tomorrow will be fairly busy.  Saturday is chore day (no time off for 4th of July, obviously!), and in addition to a boat landing, I have to do a little bit of census work for cormorants and murres.  I’ve also started doing a lot of data inputting in my free time, trying to keep us up to speed on backing up all this data we collect.

AND, with all the fresh fruit that’s coming in tomorrow, I plan to make a 4th of July cake (using strawberries and blueberries, of course), so we’ll see how it turns out.

That’s all for now!  Bedtime.

Best,

Eleanor


Filed under: Farallon Island

Estimating diversity and productivity

Posted by: nina-karnovsky | July 3, 2009 | No Comment |

The area where we are banding birds is along a creek surrounded by shortgrass prairie. Some of the birds we catch are associated with the riparian vegetation (growing along streams) and some are associated with the grasslands. We are interesting in knowing the numbers of species breeding in the area (diversity) and the well as the number of breeding birds (productivity). Yellow warblers often breed in riparian areas.

Charlotte with a Yellow Warbler

Charlotte with a Yellow Warbler


For each bird we catch, we note the species and sex if we can. If it is a female we look for a brood patch (a vascularized area of skin that they use to keep the egg warm). If it is a male we look for a ‘cloacal protuberance.’ We are interested in knowing the timing of breeding and the number of breeding birds and the overall body condition of the birds (weight, fat, feather wear).
Male yellow warbler

Male yellow warbler


This young meadowlark probably left the nest a few days before we caught it in the net. The birds sit calmly in the pocket of the net. They may look really tangled but they usually can be removed easily and quickly.
Meadowlark in the net

Meadowlark in the net


The most important thing that we do is put a metal band on the bird with a unique number. That way, if we catch it again, we can keep track of how its measurements change. We can find out how long they live and, if they are caught elsewhere, we find out where they spend their winters and what migratory paths they use.
Field sparrow with a band

Field sparrow with a band


This beautiful male spotted towhee probably had a nest nearby.
Male Spotted Towhee

Male Spotted Towhee


Filed under: Prairie
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Before Banding Birds

Posted by: nina-karnovsky | July 3, 2009 | No Comment |

Even though there have been banding sessions since I was there, I thought I would post about setting up the MAPs station. Getting the MAPs station up and running took a lot of work. First, all of the old locations of nets had to be found. We searched the area for nails with tags on them that marked the sites from 2007.

Lauren, Charlotte, John and Marissa looking for the stakes from 2007.

Lauren, Charlotte, John and Marissa looking for the stakes from 2007.


Fortunately John had an amazing memory for where the nets were and the rest we found with a GPS.
Next we pounded in the net poles and strung up the nets to be unfurled the next day.
Marissa pounding in a net pole

Marissa pounding in a net pole


The big accomplishment of the day was setting up the tent where we can sit and band birds without the company of the mosquitoes.
Charlotte and John inside the tent-- who left the door open?

Charlotte and John inside the tent-- who left the door open?


Marissa and Lauren were a tremendous help in getting the station up and running. Thanks!!
Lauren and Marissa taking a well deserved break!

Lauren and Marissa taking a well deserved break!


Filed under: Prairie
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Gull Juju

Posted by: eleanor-caves | July 2, 2009 | 1 Comment |

So yesterday in my entry i mentioned “gull juju,” our term for things gulls ingest, bring back to the island, and regurgitate.  I thought, because today is another relaxed day, that I would take a picture of some of the more startling items that are currently in our “gull juju archives” downstairs.

Gull Juju

Gull Juju

It’s a real statement about just how far-reaching human impacts are when items such as these can show up on the Farallones.  Above, you can see, among other things, an Easter Egg with the candy still inside, pieces of someone’s cut up credit card, a harmonica, a pack of cigarettes, a toy car, vampire teeth, golf balls, and keys.  The way we dispose of things really does make a difference, because it’s not hard for it, or the botulism I talked about earlier, to end up in a dump, and then all the way out here.

Best,

Eleanor


Filed under: Farallon Island

Water, etc.

Posted by: eleanor-caves | July 1, 2009 | No Comment |

So, the last couple of days have been pretty uneventful as far as things go.  Without night work and extra work, we’ve all just been enjoying having a routine that actually falls together nicely, as well as the free time to watch a movie last night (for the first time in about two weeks!).

The final (??) film crew for the season arrived and left today, taking high definition pictures for a display about the Farallones at the California Academy of the Sciences.  In addition, a couple of grad students working with Ashy Storm Petrels came out to install some equipment for a pilot project they’re doing.  I didn’t have to help with the boat landing, but I did help with the boat launch, so I got to talk to them all for a little bit, but mostly I wasn’t affected by them being here.

Made dinner last night–falafel and Greek Egg Lemon Soup.  It was a hit, I think, and all the leftovers are already gone.  Today, the Superfish (the boat that brought out the film crew, etc.) caught us some rockfish and filleted it, so we’re cooking up rockfish fillets.  I’ve said I’ll taste it, but fish are really not my thing, and Caitie is making Jordan and me a vegetarian option anyway, so we’ll see how it goes.

So, because of the lack of news and exciting pictures, I thought I’d write a little bit about how we get our water on the island, because it’s so important out here!  Up until not that long ago, the Coast Guard actually delivered water to the island, in drums, but at a certain point, everyone realized that wasn’t a very practical system.

Old Water Tank

Old Water Tank

Scattered around the island are old water tanks, I think there are four of them, but we don’t use them anymore.  In fact, the areas of the old water tanks are some of the ones that tested highest for soil contaminants in the recent Fish and Wildlife study.  The old tanks are really falling apart now, and are full of holes and guano, so we wouldn’t want to use them anyway.

The Catchment Pad and Storage Basin

The Catchment Pad and Storage Basin

These days, all of the water we use for drinking, showering, washing dishes, and everything comes from the winter rain storms.  In this picture, you can see our large catchment pad (the rectangular area on the right), where water collects and is funneled down into the storage basin at the left.  Once in the storage container, it goes through six levels of filtration, and there is one tap in the house that goes through a seventh.  All of the tap water in the house is safe for drinking, but the toilets are now on a closed gray water system, which is far more efficient than the old system.

Catchment Pad Closeup

Catchment Pad Closeup

One thing to notice about the catchment pad is that it is just like everything else on the island–covered with guano.  So, obviously, no water is collected during seabird season, not that it rains anyway.

It’s up to the winter biologists and crew to scrub the catchment pad clean before the winter rains begin, and I suppose we’re trusting that they did a good job last year.  It must be quite a difficult task scrubbing this pad clean enough to supply the island with drinking water!  But, we don’t seem to be having any issues with water supply or availability, which is excellent, because it means we each get to shower once every four days.

Finally, I’ll end with a picture of a starfish I found today.  I thought it was very pretty, though I don’t know how it got all the way up to the steps of the house.  Probably a gull brought it.  They bring all kinds of things, which we call “gull juju.”  For example, yesterday I found a bracelet made out of star-shaped beads which was almost certainly regurgitated by a gull who ate it on accident.

Starfish Closeup

Starfish Closeup

Best,

Eleanor


Filed under: Farallon Island

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